光明网讯 20日，出席乌镇峰会的ICANN总裁兼CEO法迪•谢哈德接受了光明网记者的专访。以下为文字实录：

光明网: 你好，谢哈德先生，非常感谢您接收光明网的采访，我们感到非常荣幸。我们很期待与您在这里分享您的见解，让我们开始第一个问题吧。

GMW.cn: Hi Mr Chehade, thank you very much for doing this with Guangming Online. It’s our great pleasure to have you here. So we are ready looking forward to what you are going to share with us tonight. So let’s just move on to the interview and here is my first question.

作为ICANN的总裁，您认为委托IANA（互联网IP地址分配局）来管理全球互联网社区会对全球互联网的开放和公平产生什么影响？

As the CEO of ICANN, how will delegating IANA stewardship to the global Internet Community influence the openness and fairness of global Internet in your perspective?

谢哈德: 我认为美国政府移交ICANN的控制权的决定是一个非常重要的决定。因为它标志着美国政府认为ICANN已经是一个成熟的组织并已经能自行与全球利益相关者管理自己的事务。

Chehade: I think the decision by the United State government to end its unique role in the work of ICANN is a very important decision. Because it signals the US government now sees ICANN as a mature organization that is ready to manage its affairs with the global stakeholder engaged.

我们有一个运行良好的工作小组，正在起草提案，该提案必须要符合美国政府的要求才能使得ICANN完全独立。

I think the sition is working well. The community is preparing the proposal and the proposal has to meet the requirements of the United State before they make ICANN independent.

Today I stand confident that the community will come back with very good proposal so that we can present to the United State government and make ICANN independent.

如今，我对这份提案有着充分的信心。我相信我们能够通过并完全独立。

独立运行是非常重要的。因为ICANN正在不断的发展和逐渐成熟。而现在它已经做好服务全球客户的准备了。

Independent is important. Because ICANN has advanced and matured, and it is now ready to be at the service of the whole world.

各国所有的利益相关者，机构或者用户，都可以参与到ICANN之中。我们会让大家感受到一个平等参与的氛围。

So all countries and all stakeholders, all provide sectors, users can participated in ICANN and feel that they have equal level of participation and an equal access to ICANN’s work.

光明网：谢谢您的回答！迄今为止，由ICANN发起的DNSSEC项目实现的如何？RPKI的进展情况又是如何？

GMW.cn: OK thank you very much. Up to now, how are things going with the implementation of DNSSEC initiated by ICANN? What about the implementation of RPKI?

谢哈德: 在我看来进展还是相当不错的。现在，超过百分之七十五的顶级域名已配置DNSSEC。这是非常重要的标志。因为我们在几年前根本不可能做到，现在我们已经在不断进步。同时，包括.cn在内的国家代码顶级域名也已经在相对应的国家代码顶级域下签署了DNSSEC协议，这样能够确保我们能减少DNS被滥用的发生。

Chehade: I think the implementation is moving forward rather well under DNSSEC. Today more than 75 percent of the top-level domains have implemented DNSSEC, and that’s a very important mark. Because we were not there few years ago, and we’ve been advancing. Also the country-code top-level domains including .cn has now signed their top-level domains with the DNSSEC protocol, which insures that we got reduce the level of abuse that is happening.

RPKI也是类似的技术，只不过是应用在路由方面的。为了预防域间路由被滥用的发生而引入了RPKI，我们在开展这方面的工作。我希望我们能够达到75%的顶级域名以及40%的国家代码顶级域名部署DNSSEC，我们继续在这方面进行安全部署工作。

RPKI is the same thing, but for the routing part. So it introduces the routing abuse, but we advancing. And I hope that we can bypass the 75 percent top level domains and the 40 percent of the country-code as we continue to implement the sectivities(2:50) in the days of the month head.

光明网：那么这两个项目的全面实施能对全球互联网建设的安全性和可靠性有何作用？公共安全项目是否会对私人杀毒行业造成负面影响？

GMW.cn: Thank you! How will the full implementation of these two projects benefit global use security and the construction of credible Internet? Will public security projects hurt private antivirus industry?

谢哈德: So look. Public security of the Internet will reduce overall abuse. And I think that’s something we all want. Because if abuse of the DNSSEC and routing mechanisms continues on a bate or if we don’t implement RPKI in DNSSEC, I think we will find out ourselves with a deduction under trust in the security of the Domain Name System. We do not want the domain name system to be vulnerable. We want it to be a secure layer in the internet stack. The more security is the more people will participate and trust the system. The less we implement DNSSEC at our pikai (3:52) the more they likely hold abuse fishing and other activities will continue and this harm the internet and harm our trustnet.

网络公共安全将使整体的滥用程度下降。这是我们都希望看到的结果。因为如果DNSSEC滥用以及路由机制继续，或者是我们不去实施RPKI，那么我相信我们将面对一个信任度降级的域名系统。我们并不希望域名系统变得容易受到攻击。我们想要一个安全的互联网协议。越是安全，越多的人将会参与到其中并信任这个系统。所以如果我们不去推进实施DNSSEC，就会让像许多恶意网站如“钓鱼”等被继续的滥用，这将会对互联网及其信任度都造成伤害。

光明网：美国一直致力于互联网的发展，在打击网络犯罪、打击网络窃取信息以及打击恐怖主义方面，美国应该承担哪些责任？

GMW.cn: Thank you. The United States has always preseded in the Internet development. In terms of combating Internet crime, information theft and terrorism, what should the United States do to take its share of the responsibility?

谢哈德: 我觉得，不仅仅是美国，全球所有的政府、机构和组织都需要加入到减少互联网威胁和负面活动当中。

Chehade: look. The United State and every government and every institution and organization in the world need to play their part in reducing the threats and negative activities on the internet.

我认为美国政府正在投入更多的精力来支持像ITU（国际电信联盟）、IETF（互联网技术标准支持小组）、ICANN这样的网络安全机构，以确保我们发布的标准能够在全球实施。所以我想说，每个人都在互联网中有着自己的角色。

I think the United State government is investing heavily in supporting many standards to bodies to ITU, the IETF, ICANN and other places so that we insure that these cyber security standed our supported and our promulgated, our distributed across the world. So I think everyone is playing their part with quite a bit of focus and investment right now.

但是我不能将所有的责任都推到一个国家的身上。因为互联网安全不仅仅是一个政府的责任，而是所有个体部门甚至是网络用户的责任。他们知道自己在网上做了什么事情、访问了哪些地方、如何确保他们的访问是安全的。我们所有人都应该承担着维护互联网安全的责任。

But I can’t put all the burden on one government. Because the responsibility to deploy cyber security is not only on one government, it’s also on the private sector, and sometimes on the users, knowing what they are doing and who they are visiting and how they are keeping their access point to the Internet safe and secure. All of us share the responsibility for the security of the internet.

光明网：谢谢您的回答。2013年ICANN北京会议上，我的同事沈阳先生向您提出过希望ICANN官方网行站恢复中文新闻链接，以加强中文社区同世界的交流，您也答应了，不知道此工作有什么进展？

GMW.cn: Thank you for this. On ICANN's 2013 Public Meeting in Beijing, my collegue Mr. Shen Yang put it forward to you to resume Chinese news links on the official website of ICANN in order to enhance the communication between Chinese communities and the world. You agreed on this. How far along are we with this work?

谢哈德：说到这件事，我要告诉你，我们有了不小的进展。我还要告诉你，自去年那时起，我们就在中国设立了合作中心，也雇佣员工开展工作。他们同中国的组织机构一起传播ICANN的信息并致力于ICANN中国分部的本土化。比如，我会与贵国工信部下辖的电信研究所合作。这很重要，因为这会使ICANN以本土化的方式吸引中国的组织机构。

Chehade: We are doing quite well on this work. We also need to emphasize that since then we have opened engagement center in China. We have stuff here in China. And they are working with China community to enhance the linkage not just to news and information of ICANN but also to enhance the localization of ICANN’s content for the Chinese community. I will work, for example in partnership with CATR, the institute that is a part of MIT, is very important, because that is work that is helping us bring the content and knowledge of ICANN in the local way that can be consumed by Chinese community.

我们会融入中国，并与当地的组织机构展开合作。我们还有许多事情要做，以便我们能够了解中国的意愿、声音，同时向其他国家展示中国在互联网领域的进展与成就，并向中国传递我们的信息。

We will commit to China, we will commit to the community and we need to do more and more to ensure that we are not just sending information to China, but we are also listening to China, and bring knowledge and information about great progress in China on the internet to the rest of the world.

GMW.cn: Thank you for your answering and enjoy you days in Wuzhen.

（顾问：沈阳；采访：郑逸；翻译：周月琴；视频剪辑：范子川）